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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Electrogram</span></span>
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<p>An <b>electrogram</b> (<b>EGM</b>) is a recording of <a href="Action_potential" title="Action potential">electrical activity</a> of <a href="Organ_(biology)" title="Organ (biology)">organs</a> such as the <a href="Brain" title="Brain">brain</a> and <a href="Heart" title="Heart">heart</a>, measured by monitoring changes in <a href="Voltage" title="Voltage">electric potential</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, it also referred to an instrument to measure atmospheric electrical potential.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brain">Brain</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electroencephalography_(EEG)">Electroencephalography (EEG)</h3></div>
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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Electroencephalography" title="Electroencephalography">Electroencephalography</a></div>
<p>An electroencephalogram (EEG) is an electrical recording of the activity of the brain taken from the <a href="Scalp" title="Scalp">scalp</a>.
An EEG can be used to diagnose <a href="Seizure" title="Seizure">seizures</a>, <a href="Sleep_disorder" title="Sleep disorder">sleep disorders</a>, and for monitoring of level of anesthesia during surgery.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electrocorticography_(ECoG_or_iEEG)">Electrocorticography (ECoG or iEEG)</h3></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Electrocorticography" title="Electrocorticography">Electrocorticography</a></div>
<p>An electrocorticogram is an electrical recording of the brain measured intracranially, that is, from within the brain.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eye">Eye</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electrooculography_(EOG)">Electrooculography (EOG)</h3></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Electrooculography" title="Electrooculography">Electrooculography</a></div>
<p>An electrooculogram (EOG) is an electrical recording of the potential between the <a href="Cornea" title="Cornea">cornea</a> and the <a href="Retina" title="Retina">retina</a>, and does not change with <a href="Stimulus_(physiology)#Vision" title="Stimulus (physiology)">visual stimuli</a>.
An EOG can measure movements of the eyes and can help in diagnosis of <a href="Nystagmus" title="Nystagmus">nystagmus</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electroretinography_(ERG)">Electroretinography (ERG)</h3></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Electroretinography" title="Electroretinography">Electroretinography</a></div>
<p>An electroretinogram (ERG) is an electrical recording of the electrical activity of the retina.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heart">Heart</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electrocardiogram_(ECG)">Electrocardiogram (ECG)</h3></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Electrocardiogram" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrocardiogram">Electrocardiogram</a></div>
<p>An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is an electrical recording of the activity of the heart.
The typical meaning of an "ECG" is the 12-lead ECG that uses 10 wires or <a href="Electrode" title="Electrode">electrodes</a> to record the signal across the chest.
Interpretation of an ECG is the basis of a number of cardiac diseases including <a href="Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">myocardial infarction</a> (heart attack) and arrhythmias such as <a href="Atrial_fibrillation" title="Atrial fibrillation">atrial fibrillation</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cardiac_electrogram">Cardiac electrogram</h3></div>
<p>When electrical recordings are made from the <a href="Skin" title="Skin">skin</a>, it is considered to be an ECG as described above.
However, electrical recordings made from within the heart such as with an <a href="Artificial_cardiac_pacemaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial cardiac pacemaker">artificial cardiac pacemaker</a> or during an <a href="Electrophysiology_study" title="Electrophysiology study">electrophysiology study</a>, the signals recorded are considered an "electrogram" instead of an ECG.
These signals are not interpreted in the same manner as an ECG.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_muscles">Other muscles</h2></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Electromyography" title="Electromyography">Electromyography</a></div>
<p>An electromyogram (EMG) is an electrical recording of the activity of a <a href="Muscular_system" title="Muscular system">muscle</a> or muscle group.
An EMG study can be combined with a <a href="Nerve_conduction_study" title="Nerve conduction study">nerve conduction study</a> to diagnose neuromuscular diseases such as <a href="Peripheral_neuropathy" title="Peripheral neuropathy">peripheral neuropathy</a> and <a href="Amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis">amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Radiology" title="Radiology">Radiology</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">
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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/electrogram">"Definition of 'Electrogram'"</a>. <i><a href="Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a></i>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDubeyRay2019" class="citation journal cs1">Dubey, A.; Ray, S. (2019-05-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6538865">"Cortical Electrocorticogram (ECoG) Is a Local Signal"</a>. <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. <b>39</b> (22): <span class="nowrap">4299–</span>4311. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.2917-18.2019">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2917-18.2019</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0270-6474">0270-6474</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6538865">6538865</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30914446">30914446</a>.</cite></span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>
<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFReillyLee2010" class="citation journal cs1">Reilly, Richard B.; Lee, T. Clive (19 November 2010). "Electrograms (ECG, EEG, EMG, EOG)". <i>Technology and Health Care</i>. <b>18</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">443–</span>458. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3233%2FTHC-2010-0604">10.3233/THC-2010-0604</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1878-7401">1878-7401</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21099006">21099006</a>.</cite></li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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